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M9650337.TXT
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1996-03-09
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Document 0337
DOCN M9650337
TI Alcohol ingestion impairs host defenses predisposing otherwise healthy
mice to Pneumocystis carinii infection.
DT 9605
AU D'Souza NB; Mandujano JF; Nelson S; Summer WR; Shellito JE; Section of
Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Louisiana State; University
Medical Center, New Orleans 70112, USA.
SO Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1995 Oct;19(5):1219-25. Unique Identifier :
AIDSLINE MED/96119379
AB Pulmonary infection with Pneumocystis carinii, an opportunistic
pathogen, is associated with a variety of immunosuppressive states,
including human immunodeficiency virus infection. We hypothesized that
alcohol ingestion might compromise host defenses against this pathogen
and, in an immunocompromised host, increase the severity of infection.
This hypothesis was tested in both acute and chronic ethanol-treated
normal and CD4+ T-cell-depleted mice challenged with P. carinii
organisms. Normal and CD4+ T-cell-depleted mice were given an
intraperitoneal injection of ethanol or saline 0.5 hr before P. carinii
challenge and killed 3 hr later for bronchoalveolar lavage. Acute
alcohol treatment decreased significantly tumor necrosis factor (TNF)
activity and the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs)
recovered in the lavage in response to the pathogen. Depletion of CD4+
T-cells did not potentiate the effect of alcohol on the early
inflammatory response to the pathogen any further. In normal animals, in
vivo interferon (IFN)-gamma pretreatment augmented significantly the P.
carinii-stimulated lung TNF response and PMNL recruitment. However,
IFN-gamma pretreatment prevented the alcohol-induced suppression of TNF
secretion without affecting the PMNL recruitment. The effect of chronic
alcohol consumption on the severity of infection was studied in
long-term, alcohol-fed normal and CD(4+)-depleted mice challenged with
P. carinii organisms. Lung histopathology showed that P. carinii
infection was present in > 60% of the alcohol-fed mice and in none of
the controls. Also, a significantly higher number of PMNLs were
recovered in the lavage fluid of alcohol-fed mice with persistent
infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
DE Alcohol Drinking/*ADVERSE EFFECTS/IMMUNOLOGY Alcoholism/*IMMUNOLOGY
Animal Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/CYTOLOGY Cytokines/BLOOD CD4
Lymphocyte Count Immune Tolerance/IMMUNOLOGY Interferon Type II/BLOOD
Macrophages, Alveolar/IMMUNOLOGY Male Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C
Opportunistic Infections/*IMMUNOLOGY Pneumonia, Pneumocystis
carinii/*IMMUNOLOGY Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Tumor Necrosis
Factor/METABOLISM JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).